Types of Over the Counter ADHD Medication
Medications are used to treat ADHD by targeting brain chemicals that affect the ability to focus and impulse control. The medications come in many forms such as tablets that can either be swallowed or chewed, as well as patches and liquids.
Stimulants such as methylphenidate, also known by the brand names Ritalin or Concerta stimulate the activity of brain regions that regulate attention. They're also available in long-acting versions that release medication throughout the day and reduce fluctuations in symptoms.
Non-stimulant drugs
Many people use medications to improve attention and impulse control. These drugs may be addictive but they are also the most effective. If you feel that stimulants don't work or have undesirable side effects, your doctor may suggest switching to a medication that isn't stimulant. These medications can aid in reducing symptoms, but they take longer to kick in. They can also be effective when used in conjunction with other treatment methods.
The two primary categories of ADHD medication are stimulants and non-stimulant drugs. The stimulants most frequently used to treat ADHD are methylphenidate and amphetamines. These drugs come in a variety of forms, including immediate-release versions and long-acting ones. Instant-release stimulants are used when needed, and are usually taken at the beginning of the day. Long-acting stimulants can be taken each morning and typically last between six and 16 hours. medication for adult add of people who take these medications take a mixture of immediate-release and long-acting medication to control their symptoms throughout the day.
Alpha antagonists and norepinephrine modulators are both non-stimulant drugs that can be used to treat ADHD. Norepinephrine modulators include the atomoxetine (Stattera) and guanfacine (Tenex, Intuniv). Clonidine (Catapres Kapvay) and guanfacine Tenex (Intuniv) are alpha agonists for treating ADHD. The use of stimulants can be dangerous for adolescents with drug abuse issues or who have a history of drug abuse. Non-stimulant medications can be an alternative for this type of person because it doesn't come with the same addiction potential or side consequences.
Many people find that their initial ADHD medication isn't working or has unpleasant side effects. It's crucial to talk to your doctor about this and test new medications if you need to. Your doctor can help you figure out if your current medication is causing an effect by checking for specific side effects such as heart rate fluctuations or ringing in the ear or an increase in blood pressure. You should also discuss any other medications or supplements that you or your child are taking, whether they are prescribed or over-the counter.
Antidepressants
The most frequently used medication to treat ADHD is stimulant medications. They activate the central nervous system, thereby increasing alertness and reducing distractibility. They also aid in improving your concentration, and provide the added benefit that they assist you in gaining control of your mood and behavior. Most people tolerate these medications well, however there are some adverse effects. Some people experience a decrease of appetite or drowsiness, while others experience an increased heart rate or sleepiness. People who have a history of bipolar disorder or depression are more likely to develop psychosis while taking stimulant medications.
Some stimulant drugs can cause people to feel extremely angry or aggressive at first, especially when they are taking them for the first time. If these symptoms continue patients should talk to their physician to alter the dosage or consider an alternative medication. Stimulants may also increase blood pressure and cause seizures in a few people. Some people may experience a reduction in sexual desire or delayed ejaculation after taking the medications.
Certain antidepressants, like serotonin-boosting medications, can hinder the effectiveness of certain ADHD medication. This can lead to a loss of efficacy which is why it is crucial for people with both conditions to discuss their needs for medication with their physicians.
Many people, including children, who suffer from ADHD are also suffering from depression or anxiety and these conditions may affect certain ADHD medications. It is crucial to discuss both of these issues with your doctor, as you might be able to locate the right medication to treat all of your symptoms.
Antidepressants are usually well-tolerated by teens and adolescents, but they should be monitored for suicidal thoughts. If there is a significant or persistent suicidal thoughts a medical professional should be contacted immediately. This can be done by calling 911 or by contacting the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-8255.
Some antidepressants can increase feelings of anxiety, guilt and hopelessness. This is particularly applicable to tricyclics like imipramine, Tofranil and nortriptyline, (Aventyl or Pamelor). These medications are usually prescribed off-label for ADHD however they can be beneficial in treating ADHD when other treatments have been unsuccessful.
Blood pressure medications
The use of medications that lower blood pressure can also aid in controlling symptoms of ADHD, including sleep problems and aggression. Clonidine (Catapres) and guanfacine's long-acting (Intuniv), and atomoxetine(Atomoxetine) are part of a class of drugs called alpha agonists. These medicines are approved to treat high blood pressure, but have been used to treat ADHD "off label" for a long time. These medications reduce the tics, improve sleep and boost attentiveness. They can also trigger an increase in heart rate and blood pressure, so they are safer than stimulants.
It's not clear whether these drugs affect the long-term development of brain cells in adolescents and children. Researchers aren't sure if they have a lasting impact on heart-related problems in these people, which is why some experts are wary of their use. These drugs can also increase the risk of seizures in some individuals. The American Heart Association recommends people who have a history of stroke, heart disease or other cardiovascular issues to undergo a cardiac evaluation prior to starting these medication.
Stimulant ADHD medication can create a habit and can increase heart rate and blood pressure. It can also have negative effects on appetite and sleep. It's also not safe for children or infants. It can also have negative long-term effects on the brains of children, which may cause addiction to drugs.
The FDA warns that adolescents and adults suffering from ADHD who have untreated depression or anxiety should not be taking stimulant medication. These people should consider psychosocial treatment, which involves behavioral therapy to teach positive ways of coping and improve social interactions.
Certain prescription ADHD medications can trigger negative side effects, such as stomach upset, headaches and trouble sleeping. If the side effects are severe, your doctor may lower the dosage or switch you to a different medication. If you have any serious side effects such as heart palpitations and hallucinations, call your doctor right away.
Even if they claim it the over-the counter supplements and medications aren't effective in treating ADHD. Many minerals and vitamins aren't backed by scientific research and some are able to interact with certain medications. Inform your doctor about all supplements and medicines you take including those over-the-counter.
Other medicines
Most clinical guidelines recommend stimulant medications as the first choice for treatment for ADHD. However, they aren't for everyone, and there is evidence that suggests that non-stimulant medications can be equally effective for certain individuals. FDA-approved non-stimulant ADHD medication includes viloxazine as well as atomoxetine, both of which are available in the form of Qelbree. Clonidine ER or guanfacine may be prescribed for children aged 6-17 years old. These medications boost certain brain chemicals that improve working memory, attention span, and control of impulses.
Many doctors prescribe additional medication to treat ADHD in addition to these medications. Most often, these are antidepressants or other medications that affect brain chemicals. Bupropion (Wellbutrin) is an antidepressant that helps some people suffering from ADHD and tetrahydrozoline methylphenidate (Adderall XR) is a stimulant drug commonly prescribed off-label to treat the condition.
These medications are available as capsules or liquids, patches or tablets. It is essential to read the labels carefully so that you can be sure you or your child are taking the right dosage. Also, make sure to inform your doctor of any other drugs or supplements you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and herbal remedies. Certain medications can trigger unwanted side effects or interact with ADHD medications.
Natural remedies for ADHD can help some people but they do not have the same scientific support as the medications that are approved by the FDA. For example, the herb DMAA (1,3-dimethylamylamine) is sometimes sold as an over-the-counter ADHD treatment, but the FDA warns that it can increase blood pressure and heart rate, which can lead to serious health problems. St. John's Wort is another herbal supplement that some recommend for ADHD. However the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health states that there is little evidence that supports its effectiveness.
Over-the-counter ADHD medication is not a substitute for medical treatment. Speak to your doctor in the event that you or your child is showing symptoms of the disorder. If you decide that prescription medication is appropriate for you or your child talk to your doctor about the best treatment options. The doctor will consider your family's lifestyle, as well as any other medications you or your child are taking, as well as your medical history, to find the best medication.